FOCUS QUESTION

How does photosynthesis convert light into stored energy?

The map breaks this topic into its core concepts, connected by labeled relationships. Each link is written so it can be read as a complete statement — not just an unlabeled line between boxes.

Concepts and relationships

  • Sunlight provides Light Energy.
  • Sunlight is absorbed by Chlorophyll.
  • Chlorophyll is found in Chloroplasts.
  • Light Energy drives Light Reactions.
  • Chloroplasts host the Light Reactions.
  • Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) enters Calvin Cycle.
  • Water (H₂O) is split during Light Reactions.
  • Light Reactions produce ATP & NADPH.
  • Light Reactions release Oxygen (O₂).
  • ATP & NADPH power the Calvin Cycle.
  • Calvin Cycle produces Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆).

How to read this map

Begin with the inputs — sunlight, water and carbon dioxide — and follow each labeled line inward to the reactions. Read every connection as a complete statement (concept + linking words + concept), then compare the inputs with the products, glucose and oxygen.

Learning objectives

  • Identify the raw materials and products of photosynthesis.
  • Explain the role of sunlight, chlorophyll and chloroplasts.
  • Distinguish matter inputs from the energy input.
  • Use linking words to describe scientific relationships.
Editorial note: Concept set and linking words checked for language and structure against introductory biology descriptions. Subject-expert review by a named reviewer is still pending. Sources: OpenStax Biology 2e — 8.2 The Light-Dependent Reactions; OpenStax Biology 2e — 8.3 Using Light Energy (Calvin Cycle).